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programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 1 - htc to-92 pkg 3 2 1 sot-23 pkg 2 1 3 sot-89 pkg 1 2 3 pin 1. reference 2. anode 3. cathode ordering information device package TL431 to-92(bulk) TL431ta to-92(taping) TL431sf sot-23 3l TL431f sot-89 3l features z programmable output voltage to 40v z guaranteed 0.5% reference voltage tolerance z low (0.2 ? typ.) dynamic output impedance z cathode current range(continuous) ? 100 ~ 150 ma z equivalent full range temperature coefficient of 50ppm/ z temperature compensated for operation over full rate operating temperature range z low output noise voltage z fast turn-on response z to-92, sot-89 or sot-23 3l package application z shunt regulator z precision high-current series regulator z high-current shunt regulator z crowbar circuit z pwm converter with reference z voltage monitor z precision current limiter descripsion the TL431 is a three-terminal adjustable shunt regulator with specified thermal stability over applicable temperature v ref (approx. 2.5v) and 40v with two external resistors. this device has a typical dynamic output impedance of 0.2 ? . active output circuitry provides a very sharp turn-on characteristic, making this device excellent replacement for zener diodes in many applications. the TL431 is characterized for operation from -40 to +125 . * refer to the page 2 for detailed ordering information, absolute maximum ratings (operating temperature range applies unless otherwise specified) characteristic symbol min. max. unit cathode voltage v ka - 42 v cathode current range(continuous) i k -100 150 ma reference input current range i ref -0.05 10 ma junction temperature range t j -40 150 operating temperature range t opr -40 125 storage temperature range t stg -65 150 t o p top top
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 2 - htc recommended operating conditions characteristic symbol min. max. unit cathode voltage v ka v ref 40 v cathode current i k 0.5 100 ma ordering information v ref package tolerance order no. package marking supplied as TL431c TL431-c TL431gc TL431gc bulk TL431cta TL431-c 0.5% TL431gcta TL431gc tape TL431a TL431-a TL431ga TL431ga bulk TL431ata TL431-a 1% TL431gata TL431ga tape TL431 TL431 TL431g TL431g bulk TL431ta TL431 to-92 2% TL431gta TL431g tape TL431csf 431 0.5% TL431gcsf 431 reel TL431asf 431 1% TL431gasf 431 reel TL431sf 431 sot-23 2% TL431gsf 431 reel 0.5% TL431cf 431 reel 1% TL431af 431 reel 2.495v sot-89 2% TL431f 431 reel
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 3 - htc ordering information (continued)
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 4 - htc pin configuration to-92 pkg sot-23 pkg sot-89 pkg pin description to-92 / sot-23 / sot-89 pin no. name function 1 reference reference voltage 2 anode ground 3 cathode input supply voltage TL431 electrical characteristics (t a =25 , unless otherwise specified) characteristic symbol test condition min. typ. max. unit TL431c 2.483 2.495 2.507 TL431a 2.470 2.495 2.520 reference input voltage v ref v ka =v ref , i k =10ma TL431 2.440 2.495 2.550 v deviation of reference input voltage v ref / t v ka = v ref , i k =10ma t a =full range 8 20 mv v ka =10v -v ref -1.4 -2.7 ratio of change in reference input voltage to the change in cathode voltage v ref / v ka i k =10ma v ka =36v-10v -1.0 -2.0 mv/v reference input current i ref i ka =10ma, r 1 =10 ? , r 2 = 1.8 4.0 ua deviation of reference input current i ref / t i k =10ma, r 1 =10 ? , r 2 = t a =full range 0.4 1.2 ua minimum cathode current for regulation i k(min) v ka = v ref 0.5 ma off-state cathode current i k(off) v ka =36v, v ref =0 0.17 0.90 ua dynamic impedance z ka v ka = v ref , i k =1ma~100ma f 1khz 0.27 0.50 ? top top 1 2 3 1 3 1 2 2 3 marking side
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 5 - htc test circuits < fig 1. test circuit for v ka = v ref > < fig 2. test circuit for v ka v ref > < fig 3. test circuit for i ka(off) >
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 6 - htc the deviation parameters v ref / t and i ref / t are defined as the differences between the maximum and minimum values obtained over the recommended temper ature range. the average full-range temperature coefficient of the reference voltage, v ref , is defined as : a 6 ref i(dev) ref t 10 ) 25 at v v ( = ) (ppm/ v where : t a is the recommended operating free-air temperature range of the device. v ref can be positive or negative, depending on whether minimum v ref or maximum v ref , respectively, occurs at the lower temperature. example : maximum v ref =2496mv at 30 , maximum v ref =2492mv at 0 , v ref =2495mv at 25 , t a =70 for TL431c. 23ppm/ 70 10 ) 2495mv 4mv ( = v 6 ref because minimum v ref occurs at the lower temperature, the coefficient is positive. calculating dynamic impedance the dynamic impedance is defined as : ka ka ka i v = z when the device is operating with two external resistors, the total dynamic impedance of the circuit is given by: () r1/r2 + 1 z i v = z ka '
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 7 - htc typical operating characteristics reference voltage vs. ambient temperature pulse response cathode current vs. cathode voltage cathode current vs. cathode voltage small signal voltage amplification vs. frequency 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 1k 10k 100k 1000k 10000k frequency, f [hz] a v -small signal voltage amplification (db) 15k 8.25k 232 10f output i ka < fig 4. test circuit for voltage amplification > i ka = 10ma t a = 25c
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 8 - htc typical operating characteristics (continued) stability boundary conditions 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 c l -load capacitance (nf) i ka -cathode current (ma) r1 r2 150 ? c l a b c b a d stable stable < fig 5. test circuit > a v ka = v ref , r1= 0 ? , r2 = b v ka = 5.0v, r1=10k ? , r2 = 10k ? c v ka = 10.0v, r1=10k ? , r2 = 3.3k ? d v ka = 15.0v, r1=10k ? , r2 = 2k ?
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 9 - htc application information 1. shunt regulator note a : r should provide cathode current 1ma to the TL431 at minimum v i(batt) 2. precision high-current series regulator note a : r should provide cathode current 1ma to the TL431 at minimum v i(batt) 3. output control of a three-terminal fixed regulator
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 10 - htc 4. high-current shunt regulator 5. precision 5-v 1.5a regulator 6. efficient 5-v precision regulator note a : r b should provide cathode current 1ma to the TL431 .
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 11 - htc 7. pwm converter with reference 8. voltage monitor note a : r3 and r4 are selected to provide the desired led intensity and cathode current 1ma to the TL431 at the available v i(batt) . 9. delay timer
programmable precision shunt regulator TL431/a/c dec. 2010 ? rev.1.5 - 12 - htc 10. precision current limiter 11. precision constant-current sink

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